On Deciding between Space Groups Pnam and Pna21 for the Crystal Structure of Zr3N4

The crystal structure of Zr₃N₄ is shown to crystallize in the centrosymmetric space group Pnam rather than in the noncentrosymmetric space group Pna2₁.     

The reduction of rotational ambiguity in soft-modeling by introducing hard models

Rotational ambiguity is a major problem in the application of soft-modeling analysis to a variety of multivariate mixture resolution problems and particularly important in the analysis of kinetic data. Soft-modeling analyses rely on constraints that restrict the concentration profiles and/or the spectral responses of all components. The main goal of this work is to demonstrate how a hard-modeling constraint on concentration profiles drastically decreases the extent of the rotational ambiguity. Therefore, in the present paper the discussion is focused on systems in which hard-modeling information is available. The results of simulated examples reveal that the utilized hard constraint decreases the rotational ambiguity in estimated concentration profile even components that do not take part in the explicit model. In addition, the rate constant of known reaction is determined in this method.     

宽带多普勒声纳信号频谱特性分析

宽带多普勒声纳采用重复相位编码技术和脉冲-脉冲相关技术,解决了窄带技术存在的距离分辨力和速度分辨力的矛盾。本文主要研究了重复相位编码信号的频谱特性,并与矩形正弦填充脉冲的频谱进行比较,同时研究了回波信号的频谱特性,推导出频域上的测速公式,并根据回波的频谱特性分析了宽带多普勒声纳产生测速模糊的原因,并提出一种解决测速模糊的方法。     

随机环境下具有最低担保约束的DC养老金鲁棒投资策略

针对近年来养老金管理遇到的问题,基于模型不确定性,考虑随机环境和退休保障限制的DC型养老金最优投资策略具有重要意义.以养老金的最终价值相对于退休后年金担保的不变相对风险厌恶期望效用最大化为目标,利用随机动态规划的方法,求出鲁棒最优投资策略及相应的价值函数.最后,通过数值分析,得到各参数对最优投资策略的影响.     

Rotational tools for factor analytic models

Rotational ambiguity is a major problem in the application of factor analysis to a variety of multivariate mixture resolution problems and particularly important in the analysis of environmental data. As part of the development of an implementation of positive matrix factorization for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to distribute in support of airborne particle source identification and apportionment, several tools have been developed to control the rotations and explore the extent of rotational solution space. This discussion of the nature of the rotational tools provides an understanding of these rotational tools as well as the basis for their incorporation into other implementations of least‐squares based solutions to the factor analysis problem. Several example algorithms are presented. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

北斗双频组合动对动高精度相对定位新算法

针对动对动相对定位基线矢量实时变化导致整周模糊度浮点解在动态情况下难以快速精确求解的问题,提出了一种北斗双频动对动相对定位算法:对组合双差方程基线向量的系数矩阵进行奇异值分解,并变换组合双差方程以消除基线参量,将变参数估计问题转化为定参数估计问题,然后采用递推最小二乘算法实时推算组合模糊度的浮点解及其协方差矩阵,在此基础上,采用最小二乘模糊度降相关平差法(LAMBDA)搜索和固定组合模糊度。试验结果表明,该方法能够快速准确固定组合模糊度,与单频解算相比,初始化时间用时更短,基线误差在5 cm以内,能较好地适用于动对动相对定位。     

基于速度辅助的车载卫星定向模糊度动态确定方法

针对车载双天线卫星定向系统的载波相位模糊度动态确定,探讨了速度辅助对模糊度搜索空间的约束性能,首次提出主天线速度矢量方向与车体纵轴之间偏离角的定量表达式,从而实现了准确设置卫星定向模糊度解算中的航向搜索范围。对实际车载数据的分析验证了该方法的有效性,不但适用于车载纯卫星定向系统,而且适用于多天线卫星定向（定姿）/IMU组合车载航姿确定系统,可显著提高卫星定向动态模糊度搜索速度及成功率,尤其增强车辆机动时的模糊度初始化性能。     

消除风向模糊性的一种方法

针对高频雷达探测海面风向存在模糊性的问题,提出了一种简单易行的多波束最小差值算法.应用该方法对OSMAR2000在东海的数据进行风场反演,并和观测船实测结果对比,两者吻合甚好,风向平均误差为20°,探测距离可达200km.     

载波相位差分相对定位在航天器对接中的应用

将GPS载波相位差分技术应用于航天器自主对接,提出了一种在单频接收机条件下的整周模糊度快速求解方法,首先采用载波相位平滑伪距差分技术进行相对定位,估计模糊度的浮点值,而后通过LAMBDA搜索法求解得到整周模糊度,最后通过最小二乘方法实现相对定位。该方法求解过程简单,并可在基线较长情况下解算模糊度。仿真结果表明,当两航天器相距小于100km时,通常20s即可求解模糊度,最长不超过45s。模糊度确定后,采用整周约束解进行相对定位,相对定位的均方差为0.006m,能很好地满足航天器对接的精度需求。